Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

Environmental distribution of post-Palaeozoic crinoids from the Iberian and south-Pyrenean basins, NE Spain

Samuel Zamora, Marcos Aurell, Margaret Veitch, James Saulsbury, Mikel A. López-Horgue, Fernando A. Ferratges, José Antonio Arz, and Tomasz K. Baumiller

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 63 (4), 2018: 779-794 doi:https://doi.org/10.4202/app.00520.2018

Post-Palaeozoic crinoids from northeast Spain ranging from the Ladinian (Middle Triassic) to the Ilerdian (lower Ypresian, early Eocene) are documented. Here we provide the first attempt to reconstruct the environmental distribution of these crinoids based on relatively complete material (mostly cups). Triassic forms are dominated by encrinids from outer carbonate ramps. Late Jurassic crinoids are dominated by cyrtocrinids, comatulids, millericrinids, and isocrinids, occurring either on sponge mounds and meadows or on soft substrates within middle to outer carbonate ramps. Aptian (Early Cretaceous) forms include nearly complete isocrinids which are found in extremely shallow environments represented by bioclastic carbonates and interspersed oyster-rich layers. Other Aptian occurrences come from more distal and deep environments and are composed solely of comatulids. Albian forms are dominated by cyrtocrinids and isocrinids associated with coral reefs. Late Cretaceous and Eocene crinoids include mostly bourgueticrinids (Comatulida) that are found either in outer ramp facies or associated with mid-ramp reef complexes. The later corresponds to one of the shallowest occurrence of bourgueticrinids in the Cenozoic. The palaeoecological data for fossil crinoids of northeast Spain contributes to reconstructing the history of the bathymetric distribution of articulate crinoids, supporting the idea that stalked crinoids were able to inhabit a wide range of shallow marine environments in the late Mesozoic and early Cenozoic.

Key words: Crinoidea, Comatulida, Cyrtocrinida, Isocrinida, Millericrinida, Encrinida, Mesozoic, Cenozoic, Iberia.

Samuel Zamora [s.zamora@igme.es], Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, C/Manuel Lasala, 44, 9B, Zaragoza 50006, Spain. Marcos Aurell [maurell@unizar.es] and Fernando A. Ferratges [nautilo_fer_1987@hotmail.com], Área de Estratigrafía, Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain. Margaret Veitch [maveitch@umich.edu], James Saulsbury [jgsauls@umich.edu], and Tomasz K. Baumiller [tomaszb@umich.edu], Museum of Paleontology and Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Mikel A. López-Horgue [mikel.lopezhorgue@ehu.eus], Estratigrafia eta Paleontologia Saila, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU,48940 Leioa (Biscay), Basque Country, Spain. José Antonio Arz [josearz@unizar.es], Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, and Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain.


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